Which type of white blood cells are primarily involved in the adaptive immune response?

B lymphocytes, also known as B cells, play a crucial role in the adaptive immune response. This segment of the immune system is characterized by its ability to specifically recognize and remember pathogens, allowing for a stronger and quicker response during future encounters with the same pathogen.

B lymphocytes are responsible for producing antibodies, which are proteins that specifically target and neutralize foreign invaders such as bacteria and viruses. Upon detecting an antigen, B cells can differentiate into plasma cells that secrete large volumes of antibodies, effectively marking pathogens for destruction. In addition, B cells contribute to the formation of memory cells, which provide long-lasting immunity by "remembering" past infections.

The adaptive immune response, which is slower to activate compared to the innate response, allows for a highly specific and effective defense mechanism. This specificity and the memory aspect are fundamental features that distinguish adaptive immunity from other immune responses, reinforcing the pivotal role of B lymphocytes in this process.