Which aspect is the same for mature human spermatozoa and ova?

The correct answer is that mature human spermatozoa and ova share the same number of chromosomes in their cells. In humans, both sperm and ova are gametes, which are produced through a process called meiosis. This process reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in gametes that each contain 23 chromosomes, which is the haploid number. This is crucial for sexual reproduction, allowing the fusion of sperm and egg to create a fertilized egg (zygote) with the correct diploid chromosome number of 46.

While both types of gametes contain the same type of genetic material—DNA—how this genetic material is organized and expressed can differ. The shape of the cells is also distinct, with sperm being motile and sperm-shaped, while ova are larger and non-motile. Additionally, sperm and ova originate from different types of cells; sperm are produced in the testes, and ova are produced in the ovaries. Therefore, the aspect of chromosome number is the only common factor between mature human spermatozoa and ova.